In this article I will share some of the basic OpenStack command line cheat sheet which can be useful for beginners starting with OpenStack.
Identity (Keystone)
To list the installed users
openstack user list
Show provided user’s properties
openstack user show <username>
Create a user Willian with password redhat, email as
William@example.com and is part of project Production
openstack user create --project Production --email William@example.com --password redhat --enable William
Assign admin role to user William
openstack role add --user William --project Production admin
Check the assigned role to user William
openstack role assignment list --user William --project Production
openstack role assignment list --user William --project Production --names
Enable or disable user William
openstack user set --disable William
openstack user set --enable William
Flavor
Create flavor named m1.petite with 1 vcpu, 1 GB RAM, 10 GB Disk and
must not be publicly accessible
openstack flavor create --id auto --vcpus 1 --ram 1024 --disk 10 --private m1.petite
Assign flavor m1.petite to Engineering project
openstack flavor set --project Engineering m1.petite
Security Group
Create security group with name ssh
openstack security group create ssh
Add a rule to allow ssh and icmp in the ssh security group
openstack security group rule create --ingress --protocol tcp --dst-port 22 ssh
openstack security group rule create --ingress --protocol tcp --protocol icmp ssh
Keypair
Create a keypair with name webkey in your home folder
openstack keypair create webkey > ~/webkey.pem
Glance Image
Create a glance image webimage using a file osp-small.qcow2
available inside /tmp
openstack image create --disk-format qcow2 --file /tmp/osp-small.qcow2 webimage
Neutron (Network)
Create a public and private network under Engineering project
openstack network create --external --provider-network-type flat --provider-physical-network datacentre --project Engineering --enable --no-share public
openstack network create --internal --project Engineering --enable --no-share private
Create external network with subnet 172.25.250.20/24, gateway as
172.25.250.254, and an allocation pool between 172.25.250.100-150
openstack subnet create --network public --no-dhcp --project Engineering --subnet-range 172.25.250.0/24 --gateway 172.25.250.254 --allocation-pool start=172.25.250.100,end=172.25.250.150 external
Create internal network with subnet range 192.168.1.0/24
openstack subnet create --network private --project Engineering --subnet-range 192.168.1.0/24 internal
Create and configure a router with name Router1
openstack router add subnet Router1 internal
neutron router-gateway-set Router1 public
Server (Instance)
Create an instance/server using the flavor m1.petite, key as webkey,
security group as ssh and Router1 network
openstack server create --image webimage --flavor m1.petite --key-name webkey --security-group ssh --nic net-id=private webserver
Create a floating IP for the instance
openstack ip floating create public
Assign floating IP to the webserver instance
openstack ip floating add 172.25.250.100 webserver
Block Storage
Create a 2GB block storage volume named storage
openstack volume create --size 2 --project Engineering storage
Attach the storage to the webserver instance as /dev/sdb
openstack server add volume --device /dev/sdb webserver storage
Snapshot
Before creating snapshot detach the volume from webserver instance
openstack server remove volume webserver storage
Here strgsnap is the snapshot name and storage is the name of the
volume attached
openstack snapshot create --name strgsnap storage
Attach volume back to webserver after taking the snapshot
openstack server add volume --device /dev/sdb webserver storage
Guestfish
Edit an image using guestfish
yum install -y libguestfs-tools-c
Here osd-webserver.qcow2 is the image which we will edit
$ guestfish -i --network -a /root/osd-webserver.qcow2
><fs> command "yum -y install httpd"
><fs> command "systemctl enable httpd"
><fs> command "systemctl is-enabled httpd"
enabled
><fs> command "touch /var/www/html/index.html"
><fs> edit /var/www/html/index.html
><fs> command "ls -l /var/www/html/index.html"
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Oct 18 16:14 /var/www/html/index.html
><fs> command "sudo useradd Sheila"
><fs> command "sudo grep Sheila /etc/shadow"
><fs> selinux-relabel /etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files/file_contexts /
><fs> exit
Above we are installing httpd, enabling the service, creating a password less user Sheila, creating a dummy index.html file and updating the selinux context which is the most important part. Without this your image will not work.
Lastly I hope this article withOpenStack command line cheat sheet was helpful. So, let me know your suggestions and feedback using the comment section.
